Assessing the air pollution tolerance index and anticipated. Air pollution tolerance index of selected plants in. Pdf study of air pollution tolerance index of plants growing in. Air pollution tolerance levels of each plant do not show uniform behaviour.
The air pollution tolerance index was high with albizia saman 9. In my study, i have calculated the air pollution tolerance index apti of different plant. The air pollution tolerance index was studied by collecting plants located at yercaud roadsides. Several contributors agree that the air pollutants effect plant growth adversely 89. The tolerance depending upon topography and pollution condition may be either stress avoidance or stress sensitive. Although water and land pollution are very dangerous, air pollution has its own peculiarities due to its transboundary dispersion of pollutants over the entire world. The best guess is that between 100 and 200 million tons of manmade air pollutants are released each year into the atmosphere in the united states. In this study it found that santalum album l shows the highest apti value. Pdf abstract clean air, pure water and nutritious food are basic amenities of life but the quality of air, water and land is deteriorating.
Save nature to survive assessment of air pollution. Air pollution due to vehicular emissions has become one of the most serious problems in the whole world and has resulted in huge threat to both the environment and the health of living organisms plants, humans, animals, microorganisms. Kamaraj road commercial area in shivajinagara and bangalore university a sensitive area were used to determine their air. Pdf assessment of air pollution tolerance index of. Sensitivity and response of plants to air pollutants varied with the plant species, could be assessed by air pollution tolerance index apti. Four physiological and biochemical parameters namely, leaf extract ph, ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll and relative water content were combined together in a formulation signifying the air pollution tolerance index of plants. Air pollution tolerance index apti is calculated for 24 plant species growing in industrial areas of visakhapatnam and the data is presented in table 1. A comparative study for air pollution tolerance index of some. Assessment of air pollution tolerance index of some selected.
Analysis of biological factors for determination of air. Air pollution tolerance indices apti of some plants around. Therefore, present study was designed to evaluate the air pollution tolerance index apti of six. Air pollution tolerance index it gives an empirical value for tolerance level of plants to air pollution. Air pollution tolerance index apti was assessed for ten dominant tree species growing in different avenues of urban bengaluru. Air pollution tolerance index of plants around brick kilns in. All biochemical parameters that are analyzed for apti plays significant role to determine resistivity and susceptibility of plant species. Air pollution tolerance indices of some plants around. The study compared the air pollution tolerance indices apti of five plant species and five ornamental shrubs in enugu urban. Study of air pollution tolerance index of plants growing in. For the reason that single parameter may not provide a clear picture of the pollution induced changes, air pollution tolerance index apti based on four important parameters has been used for identifying tolerance levels of plant species 4, 19. Air pollution tolerance index is one approach that may be employed in the selection processes of urban biodiversity. Plants with lower ph are more susceptible, while those with ph around 7 are more.
Since, pollution is an upcoming issue, we aimed at assessing the air pollution tolerance index of plants at two different locations. Pollutants could be classified as either primary or secondary. A study of air pollution tolerance index of plants growing in pithampur industrial area sector 1, 2 and 3 res j recent sci, 1 2012, pp. Chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, ph, and relative water content.
Air pollution tolerance index in certain plants in the vicinity of a thermal power station a case study. Air pollution tolerance indices apti of some plants. The ability of plant species to remove pollutants has been evaluated 20. Jun 26, 2017 air pollution due to vehicular emissions has become one of the most serious problems in the whole world and has resulted in huge threat to both the environment and the health of living organisms plants, humans, animals, microorganisms. This was done by following the method of singh and rao 1983. The presence or absence of these organisms is an indirect measure of the presence of pollution. In present study the susceptibility levels of different plants have been determined on the basis of their air pollution tolerance indices.
The presence or absence of these organisms can be used to evaluate the level of pollution or human disturbance of a stream. Variation in air pollution tolerance index of plants near. Although water and land pollution are very dangerous. Air pollution tolerance index of some terrestrial plant species an indicator of drought resistance in plants. The air pollution tolerance index apti based on four parameters has been used for identifying tolerance levels of plants species beg et al. There are many factors controlling tolerance in plants. Air pollution tolerance index apti is an important tool to screen out plants based on their sensitivity level for different air pollutants achakzai et al. Assessment of air pollution tolerance index of selected. Air pollution tolerance index of plants sciencedirect. Due to the air pollution, there is reduction in transpiration rate and damage to the leaf engine that pulls water up from the roots 12 % of the total. Sensitivity and response of plants to air pollutants is variable. In, proceedings symposiumon air pollution control, new delhi india, 1, 2182241983 tripathi a.
The present study was undertaken to evaluate air pollution tolerance index apti of five different plant species around industrial area and navsari agricultural university campus. Journal of environmental management 1991 32, 4555 air pollution tolerance index of plants s. Kamaraj road commercial area in shivajinagara and bangalore university a sensitive area were used to determine their air pollution tolerance index by. Nevertheless, models for a green belt development also need to consider the selection of tree and shrub species based on their relative pollution tolerance ability. Evaluation of air pollution tolerance index of plants and. Plants growing along the roadsides get affected at the maximum as they are the primary recipients to different air pollutants and show varied levels of. Plants reaction to air pollution is determined by the air pollution tolerance index apti and apti determines the plants ability to fight against air pollution vinita et al. Consequently, the plants neither bring minerals nor cool the leaf. Jun 05, 2016 four parameters namely total chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, ph of leaf extract and relative water content were determined and computed together to signify air pollution tolerance index apti of plants. The statistical results revealed that arcot was more polluted compared to ranipet, and the college farm recorded least polluted due to less exposure to industries, transport and urbanization.
Variation in air pollution tolerance index of plants near a. The response of plants to air pollution at physiological and biochemical levels can be understood by analyzingair pollution tolerance index a pti. Morphoanatomical and biochemical responses of plants to air. Hence, an attempt has been tried to investigate the air pollution tolerance index of plants located near thermal power plant, mettur, salem, tamil nadu, india. Pdf air pollution tolerance index of plants growing near. Air pollution is a major problem arising mainly from industrialization odilara et al. Apti air pollution tolerance index determination an attempt has been made to determine the air pollution tolerance index apti which gives an empirical value for tolerance level of plants to air pollution. Air pollution tolerance index and anticipated performance index have demonstrated that plants in locality can be utilized to choose most appropriate plants for the advancement of woodlands. Morphoanatomical and biochemical responses of plants to. For the reason that single parameter may not provide a clear picture of the pollutioninduced changes, air pollution tolerance index apti based on four important parameters has been used for identifying tolerance levels of plant species 4, 19. A comparative study for air pollution tolerance index of some terrestrial plant species. Evaluation of air pollution tolerance index of selected.
Narayan centre of advanced study in botany, banaras hindu university, varanasi 221 005, india received 17 july 1989 in order to evaluate the susceptibility level of plants to air pollutants, four parameters, namely ascorbic acid, chlorophyll. The study compared the air pollution tolerance indices apti of five plant species. Apti provides a mean for discriminating pollutiontolerant plant species from the pollutionsensitive ones. Air pollution tolerance index of plants growing near an. Study on air pollution tolerance index of selected plant. In any well planned urban set up, industrial pollution takes a back seat and vehicular emissions take precedence as the major cause of urban air pollution. Air pollution tolerance index is used bylandscapers to select plants or ornamental shrubs to abate air pollution 21. The air pollution tolerance index apti based on all four parameters has been used for identifying tolerance levels of plant species 57. Air pollution tolerance index is used to select plant species tolerant to air pollution. Evaluation of indoor plants for their pollution tolerance. In recent past, air pollutants, responsible for vegetation injury and crop yield losses, are causing.
Plants responses towards air pollution are assessed by air pollution tolerance index apti value. When a stream becomes polluted, pollutionsensitive organisms decrease in number or disappear. Therefore, to improve air quality and minimize the pollution in the ahvaz region, the apti was evaluated, and the air. Pdf air pollution tolerance index of various plant. Study of air pollution tolerance index of plants growing. The tolerance of plant against air pollution was identified with the help of air pollution tolerance index using ph, ascorbic acid, relative water content, and total chlorophyll. Air pollution tolerance index has also been used to rank plant species in their order of tolerance to air pollution. Air pollution tolerance index apti is used by landscapers to select plant species tolerant to air pollution. It is noteworthy that alot of studies have been done on these themes in asian continent. The analysis breaks stream invertebrates into 4 groups, and the presence or absence of these organisms is can be used to calculation a pollution tolerance index for a stream. When a stream becomes polluted, pollution sensitive organisms decrease in number or disappear. Evaluation of air pollution tolerance index and anticipated. The response of plants to air pollution at physiological and biochemi cal levels can be understood by analyzing the factors that determine resistance and susceptibility.
A total of twentyfive plant species were selected from the industrial area, whereas, the same plants growing in the garden served as control. Air pollution is one of the severe problems world is facing today. Assessing the air pollution tolerance index and anticipated performance index of some tree species for biomonitoring environmental health. Index of plants and their role in development of green belt along national. Assessemnt of air pollution tolerance index of higher plants suitable for green belt development in east of esfahan city, iran. Plants having higher apti value are tolerant to air pollution and can be used as huge sink for pollution mitigation, while low apti in plants show their less tolerance and those plants can be used as indicators of air pollution sing and rao, 1983. The aim of this study is therefore to determine the apti values of six plants species within the otorugun gas plant in ughelli south local government area of delta state. A comparative study of air pollution tolerance index apti. But, whatever mode, whether natural or artificial, it is a major concern in todays developing country like india. Air pollution tolerance index, ascorbic acid, chlorophyll, ph, water, plants.
It deteriorates ecological condition and can be defined as the fluctuation in any atmospheric constituent from the value that would have existed without human activity tripathi and gautam, 2007. Totally 1112 plants were selected for the study from three points. Plants in urban areas play an essential role to cleanse the pollution in human environment. The paper describes the choice of ecofriendly plant species and their right placement in the urban environment to overcome the pollution problems. Pollutiontolerant organisms such as midges and worms are less susceptible to changes in physical and chemical parameters. Sensitive species are an early indicator of pollution and the tolerant species help in reducing the overall pollution load singh and rao, 1983. Plants growing in polluted environments often respond and show. Global journal of environmental science and management, 1, 4, 2015, 315324. Laboratory analysis was performed on the four physiological and biological parameters including leaf relative water content rwc, ascorbic acid aa content, total leaf chlorophyll tch and leaf extract ph.
In the present study, air pollution tolerance index was calculated. Pollution tolerant organisms such as midges and worms are less susceptible to changes in physical and chemical parameters. Air pollution tolerance index of selected plants in roadsides infortunatum, l. Air pollution tolerance index assessment of yercaud road. Pdf on jun 3, 2014, marimuthu krishnaveni and others published air pollution tolerance index of plants a comparative study find, read.
Analysis of biological factors for determination of air pollution tolerance index of selected plants in yamuna nagar, india. Plants which have higher index value are tolerant to air pollution and can act as. The present study has been conducted to evaluate apti of four different plant species around polluted and unpolluted industrial site in sfax, tunisia. Air pollution is one of the serious problems faced by the people globally due to its transboundary dispersion of pollutants over the entire world. In present study emphasis is given on evaluation of tolerance level in plant species against air pollution and calculation of air pollution tolerance index apti 11.
Air pollution tolerance index, apti, ascorbic acid, bioindicators, total chlorophyll. A comparative study for air pollution tolerance index of. Such statistics may be used in a proper plantation of trees at different sites to withstand air pollutants. Present study was conducted for evaluating air pollution tolerance index apti value of three plant species i. In addition, values of air pollution index apti of the eucalyptus plant were. Air pollution tolerance index of certain plant speciesa. Air pollution tolerance index apti of studied plants control vs pithampur industrial area sector 1, 2 and 39 graph showing comparison of air pollution tolerance index of studied plants control vs pithampur industrial. Showing comparison of air pollution tolerance index of studied plants control vs pithampur industrial. Plants were selected on the basis of presence of visible morphological impacts of pollution on foliage. Tsega yc, deviprasad ag 2014 variation in air pollution tolerance index and anticipated performance index of roadside plants in mysore, india. Pollution, trees, shrubs, phytoremediation introduction.
The distribution of plant diversity is highly dependent on presence of air pollutants in the ambient air and sensitivity of the plants. Original article air pollution tolerance index apti of. Air pollution tolerance index apti is an important tool to screen out plants, based on their tolerance or sensitivity level to different air pollutants. Air pollution tolerance index apti, an index developed by singh and rao 1983, is used for the evaluation of the tolerance level of plant species from leaf. Vegetation near bcisf has been exposed to a cocktail of air pollutants for more than 80 years. When plants are exposed to the environmental pollution above the normal physiologically acceptable range, photosynthesis gats inactivated. Air pollution tolerance index apti calculated for various plant species growing in vicinity of three different industrial areas paper mill, sugar mill, thermal power. The leaf samples were collected from peenya an industrial area.
Apti provides a mean for discriminating pollution tolerant plant species from the pollution sensitive ones. Four parameters namely total chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, ph of leaf extract and relative water content were determined and computed together to signify air pollution tolerance index apti of plants. Evaluation of indoor plants for their pollution tolerance ability. Studies were carried out to determine the physiological response of plant species. The locations selected were near road sides of railway junction location 1 and its residential area location 2.
Air pollution is the human introduction into the atmosphere of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organism, or damage the environment. For example, the importance of ph in modifying the toxicity of so 2 has been shown. An evaluation of air pollution tolerance index and. Pdf air pollution tolerance index of certain plantspeciesa. The tress having a high apti score has a low acidic ph in. Air pollution tolerance indices of some plants around ama industrial. Air pollution tolerance index apti was calculated for various roadside plant species around nanded city. Evaluation of air pollution tolerance index of selected plant. Plants growing along the roadsides get affected at the maximum as they are the primary recipients to different air. Among the plants studied at each point, the relative water content, ascorbic acid level was high for azadirachta indica. The chlorophyll content was moderately higher for the plants studied in study area 1 0. The result of apti showed order of tolerance for plants as anacarduim. Narayan centre of advanced study in botany, banaras hindu university, varanasi 221 005, india received 17 july 1989 in order to evaluate the susceptibility level of plants to air pollutants, four parameters, namely ascorbic acid.
Air pollution tolerance index has also been used to rank plant species in their order of tolerance to air pollution raza and murthy, 1988. Since, pollution is an upcoming issue, we aimed at assessing the air pollution tolerance index. Air pollution tolerance index is used by landscapers to select plant species tolerant to air pollution yanju, 2007. The plant species which are more sensitive act as biological indicators of air pollution l akshmi et al. Plant damage from air pollution air pollution damage to vegetation has been recognized for more than 125 years. Ding h 2008 variation in air pollution tolerance index of plants near a steel factory. Comparative assessment of air pollution tolerance index of.